This is perhaps one of the most widely discussed and debated questions in reproductive medicine. Seeking to move closer to an answer based on the results of their own research, physicians from leading Austrian clinics specializing in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), together with specialists from DNA-Technology, undertook a dedicated study. Follicular fluid samples from 24 women undergoing IVF/ICSI procedures were selected for analysis, and the microbial spectrum was assessed using the FEMOFLOR®16 and ANDROFLOR®. It was found that the absence of bacterial DNA correlates with a high probability of successful fertilization. The key role in predicting ART outcomes appears to belong to the overall microbial impact leading to disruption of the dynamic balance of the microbiota.